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Using cumulative NOAA-AVHRR spectral indices for estimating fire danger codes in northern boreal forests
Institution:1. Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, P.O. Box 44555, 28 Dineen Drive, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6C2;2. Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7;1. Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;2. Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;3. David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;4. Computer Science Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea;1. Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;3. Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Free University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;4. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research/Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany;5. Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;6. School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, People''s Republic of China;1. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, 5005, Australia;2. School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, 3083, Australia;1. Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;2. Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;1. School of Geography, University of Melbourne, 221 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia;2. School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia;3. Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA;4. Montana Institute on Ecosystems, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
Abstract:In Canada, fire danger is rated by the Canadian forest fire danger rating system (CFFDRS). One of its components is the fire weather index (FWI) system, which has among others the drought code (DC). DC is used here as a surrogate of dead forest fuel moisture. DC values were computed from weather data acquired between 1993 and 1999 and compared to 10-day composite NOAA-AVHRR images acquired over Canadian northern boreal forests. They were yearly correlated with single compositing period and cumulative NDVI and surface temperature (ST) NOAA-AVHRR data. Correlations with cumulative spectral variables were stronger than with single compositing period variables and the best correlations occurred for the spring compositing periods (R between 0.57 and 0.80). Spring DC models using both single compositing period and cumulative spectral variables were established. Surface temperature-based indices were more often used in the models than NDVI-based indices. The models were stronger for dry or normal years than for wet years. Limitations and possible improvements of the models are discussed.
Keywords:NOAA-AVHRR  Surface temperature  NDVI  Boreal forests  Fire danger  Drought code
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