卫星-地基-模式统一的自动观测云分类原则和标准的研究

随着空基、地基云状观测自动化进程的推进，国际通用的人工观测云分类标准不再适用于自动观测.本文提出了适用于自动观测的卫星观测、地基观测和数值预报模式统一的云分类原则和分类标准，依据大气代表性原则、仪器观测可行性原则、历史继承性原则和可扩展性原则，不考虑云的高度，沿用形态学和发生学理论，将云分为卷云、层状云、波状云和积状云4属，更细分为薄卷云、密卷云、波云、雨波云、层云、雨层云、浅积云和深积云8类，列出了各类云特征的定性描述，为自动观测、预报保障和模式评估提供参考.

Principle and standard of auto-observation cloud classification for satellite,ground measurements and model

With the development of automatic observation by satellite and ground instruments, the old international cloud classification for visual observation should be no longer used. A new principle and standard of cloud classification for satellite, ground measurement and model is put forward. Under four principles of air representation, instrument feasibility, historical succession and extensibility, the clouds are classified into 4 genera, 8 varieties by combining the morphological study and formation study. The 4 genera are cirrus, waveform, stratiform and cumuliform cloud. The 8 varieties are thin cirrus, thick cirrus, wave, nimbowave, stratus, nimbostratus, shallow cumulus and deep cumulus. The new cloud classification considers the visual features of satellite and ground instruments, as well as the cloud information in numerical models, and it is hoped to be a common standard for automatic measurement.