湖水面演变历史与古湖沼学证据

对世界各地许多保存完整的古湖沼学证据详加分析研究，可以获得大量湖水面演变历史的信息。而湖水面的动态变化受控于气候因素的变化。所以成为目前湖泊环境学研究的一大分支。该文从地貌学、相组合和沉积学、地球化学、古生态学以及考古学五个方面简述古湖沼学证据，以图更精确地恢复过去的湖泊演变历史，为区域和全球环境演变研究提供有力的佐证

History of Lake-level Fluctuations and Paleolimnological Evidences

There are many paleolimnological evidences preserved all over the world.Carefully analysed on these,a great deal of information on the fluctuation of lake level can be abtained.But we know that the fluctuation of lake level is in fact attributed climatic changes.And in nowdays,it becomes and important divergence in lake environmental study.The article elaborates briefly some paleolimnological evidence on Geomorphology,facies relations and sedimentology,geochemistry,paleoecology and archaeology.Among these evidence,geomorphic techniques can provide us estimates of the area and volume of a paleolake,and identify any changes of basin respones resulting from overflow,tectonism or other causes.Facies relations and sedimentology can be widely used to reconstruct water level fluctuations from cores.Geochemical techniques,depending on the observation of the salinity and alcalinity of a closed lake varying its volume,can also draw the outline of the paleolakes.In lake level studies,paleoecological technique of course,is a successful method for use through analysis of fossiles in lake sediments.Besides,in many arid and semi-arid areas,there may be much information about Achaeological evidences,which can also be viewed as the change clue of lake shortlines of water level and help us discover the evolutional history of paleolakes.