准各向同性裂隙岩体中有效动弹性参数与弹性波速关系的研究

从弹性波在介质中传播的特点和弹性波法在岩体工程中的实际应用情况方面，分析了弹性波在含裂隙岩体介质中的传播特征。将岩体中裂隙呈随机分布的裂隙岩体似为准各向同性裂隙岩体，根据能量平衡原理、岩石断裂力学理论和卡氏最小功能定理(Castiglano’s theorem)，确定了准各向同性裂隙岩体的有效动弹性参数( 、 、 )与裂隙密度参数(Xv)的数学关系。在此基础上，根据各向同性介质中传播的弹性波理论，建立了准各向同性裂隙岩体中弹性波速( 、 )和 / 与裂隙密度参数(Xv)之间的关系。理论研究表明，在此裂隙岩体中，有效动弹性参数和弹性波速与裂纹密度参数之间相互的关系均近似成倒数函数的非线性关系；裂隙密度参数增加，有效动弹性模量( )也减少，弹性波速( , )也减小；在裂隙密度参数较小时，此裂隙岩体的有效弹性模量和弹性波速随裂隙密度参数的变化较大，说明裂隙体的有效弹性参数和弹性波速对裂隙体非常敏感。

The influence of cracks on the propagation properties of elastic waves in quasi-isotropic cracked rock masses

According to the characteristic of elastic waves propagation in medium and the application of elastic wave method in rock mass engineering, the paper has analyzed the characteristic of elastic waves propagation in cracked rock masses. It has put out the relationship of effective dynamic parameters of elasticity ( , , ) and crack density parameters, according to the principle of energy balance, rock rupture mechanics and Castiglano’s theorem, by looking the cracked mass with random cracks as quasi-isotropic cracked mass. On this basis, and through the theory of elastic wave propagation in isotropic medium, it has made out the relationship between the elastic wave velocity and crack density parameters. The theoretical research has shown that, in this kind of cracked rock masses, it will be nonlinear relationships between the effective dynamic parameters of elasticity and wave velocities and the crack density parameter; and with the increase of crack density parameter, the effective dynamic modulus of elasticity and the elastic wave velocities decrease; and at the same time, when the crack density parameter is very small, the effective dynamic modulus of elasticity and the elastic wave velocities change with the crack density parameter much more, which has explained the sensitivity of effective elastic parameters and elastic wave velocities to cracked rock masses.