珠宝变现难原因分析与评估体系建设探讨

经过十几年的发展，我国珠宝评估行业已初具规模，学术界已经提出了较为成熟的基础评估理论，评估师在评估过程中，也积累了一定的评价经验，并且在珠宝评估的制度建设、理论体系建设以及部分珠宝玉石质量分级标准方面已取得了较大进展。但是，珠宝变现难的问题依然存在。本文以翡翠为例，根据国内外珠宝评估体系发展的现况，对珠宝变现难的原因进行了分析，并对我国珠宝评估体系建设进行了初步探讨。

Analysis of Causes in Difficulty of Jewelry Liquation and Construction of Jewelry Appraisal System

After more than ten years＇ development, the jewelry appraisal system in China be- gins to take shape, forming well-developed basic theories and accumulating rich experience in evaluation. The jewelry appraisal system makes a great progress in institution, theoretical system construction and the establishment of jewelry and jade quality grading standards. However, due to the limitation of the appraisal system, the difficulty o{ jewelry liquidation still exists. In order to analyze this situation, the author takes the jadeite for example, and researches the current jewelry appraisal systems domestic and overseas, from assessment of quality and value, information system and appraisal system. A preliminary study is discussed on the construction of jewelry appraisal system. From assessment of quality and value aspect, the main reason of difficulty of jewelry liq- uidation is the disconnection between the appraisal standards and assessment of quality and value. The author suggests the new quality appraisal standards, including colour, transpar- ence, texture, clarity, crafts and the general impression, should be applied and the quantita tive data can be used as the references of the qualitative analysis to construct an efficient operation specification. From the information system aspect, the author believes that it is useful to take full advantages of internet and database and establish the three-side monitoring system, including the network information database, jewelry fairs and the price index of the jewelry wholesale markets. It can provide the references of jewelry value appraisal with accurate marketing da- ta, as well as an effective supervision on the information publishing of value appraisal. In the study, the author analyzes the construction of jewelry appraisal system and the supervision of appraisal agencies and appraisers and points out the administrative monopoly of the jewelry appraisal results in the lack of standards of the appraisal system and the scarci- ties of the appraisal agencies and appraisers. To solve this problem, we should learn from foreign experiences, strengthening market competition among the appraisal agencies and forming the self-discipline system of the iewelry industry, and regulating the market behav- ior. Building the credibility in the jewelry market and exerting the action of appraisal agen- cies and appraisers in the commercial activities are also important.