VR移动城市导航地图设计中的空间认知要素

虚拟现实（virtual reality，VR）环境中，移动导航地图设计的空间认知要素是影响用户导航绩效的重要因素。借鉴现实环境中移动城市导航地图设计原则，将空间认知要素分为有、无空间认知价值两种，引入VR环境，探究不同搜索任务中两种要素对导航绩效的影响，并分析性别及被试空间认知能力差异造成的效果差别，以期提出VR环境中移动城市导航地图的界面设计原则。研究结果表明，与现实环境一致，VR移动城市导航地图设计中，有、无空间认知价值的要素存在差异，有空间认知价值的要素可显著提高被试导航绩效；在目标搜索任务中，被试性别存在差异，男性被试使用无空间认知价值的实验地图导航绩效显著高于女性；被试在空间认知能力上不存在差异。该研究结果可为VR移动导航地图的界面设计提供依据。

Spatial Cognitive Elements of VR Mobile City Navigation Map

The spatial cognitive element of virtual reality (VR) mobile navigation map is an important factor that affects navigation efficiency. Based on the analysis in the real environment, this paper divides spatial cognitive elements of mobile city navigation map into two kinds, with and without value.Then, it introduces the analysis conclusion into VR environment to explore the influence of spatial cognitive elements of mobile map design on navigation efficiency in different search tasks. This paper also analyzes the gender differences and the space cognitive ability differences of the effect to verify the applicability of the conclusions in the VR environment. Finally, we proposed the design principles of mobile navigation map in the VR environment. The result shows that:Consistent with the real environment, there are differences in spatial cognitive element with and without spatial cognitive value, and the elements with cognitive value can significantly improve the navigation efficiency. In the target search task, there are differences in gender. Men's navigation efficiency is significantly higher than women's when using the element without spatial cognitive value; there is no difference in spatial cognitive ability. The results of this study can provide the basis for the interface design of VR mobile navigation map.