多模GNSS融合PPP系统间偏差特性分析

多模全球导航卫星系统（Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS）精密单点定位（precise point positioning，PPP）存在系统间偏差（inter-system bias，ISB），构建了顾及系统间偏差的多模GNSS融合PPP算法，对多星座实验（the multi-GNSS experiment，MGEX）监测网中的7个测站观测数据进行静态解算，获得Galileo、GLONASS、北斗与全球定位系统之间的ISB值。分析结果表明，四系统PPP融合定位在水平分量和高程分量的精度分别为8.9 mm、5.3 mm和10.9 mm，体现出较高的融合定位精度。不同系统ISB值在单天内的稳定性较好，均优于0.12 ns。从多天ISB序列看，ISB存在不规律跳变，变化幅度可达近20 ns。不同类型接收机ISB存在一定差异，同一类型接收机结果相近。综合来看，Galileo ISB值最稳定且结果最优，北斗与GLONASS结果相当。

Analysis of Inter-system Bias in Multi-GNSS Precise Point Positioning

A multi-GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) algorithm considering the inter-system bias (ISB) is adopted to process the multi-GNSS data obtained from 7 stations of the multi-GNSS experiment (MGEX). Using the proposed algorithm, the ISBs values can be achieved between Galileo, GLONASS, BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) and GPS (Global Positioning System). The results of static multi-GNSS PPP solutions show that RMS (root mean squares) values are 8.9 mm, 5.3 mm and 10.9 mm for the east, north and up directions respectively. One-day stabilities of ISBs described by STD (standard deviation) values are better than 0.12 ns for different systems, and especially Galileo is the best one. From the sequence of multi-day ISBs, significantly irregular ISB jumps can be found where the change range can reach nearly 20 ns. There are some differences on ISB values for different types of receivers, and the ISB values are similar for same types of receivers. On the whole, the ISB for Galileo is the most stable and optimal, and the results of BDS and GLONASS are almost equivalent.