遥感技术在震后建筑物损毁检测中的应用

建筑物损毁信息提取作为震后损失评估的重要内容，对于及时了解灾情、开展灾害应急响应及灾后恢复重建等具有重要意义。近年来，多平台遥感技术和高分辨率遥感技术的飞速发展为建筑物损毁信息的精确提取带来新的发展机遇。在介绍建筑物损毁基本特征和分级标准的基础上，总结了目前国内外遥感技术在建筑物损毁检测方面的常见方法，包括基于震后单时相的提取方法、灾前灾后的变化检测方法以及融合多源数据的建筑物损毁信息检测方法，并分析了各种方法本身的局限性与不足。结合目前遥感领域的前沿技术，探讨了如何基于高分辨率遥感技术、合成孔径雷达技术、机载激光雷达技术以及倾斜摄影技术实现震后建筑物损毁信息的提取。

Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Earthquake-Induced Building Damage Detection

As one important part of post-earthquake loss assessment, building damage detection has important significance for understanding the disaster in time, implementing the emergency response, and post-disaster reconstructing. In recent years the development of the multi-platform remote sensing and the high-resolution remote sensing technology have provided opportunities to building damage detection with high accuracy. In this paper, firstly, the basic building damage characteristics and the concrete classification criteria are introduced. Then, the common damage detection methods at home and abroad based on the remote sensing technology are concluded, including the single-temporal image detection of the post-earthquake, the change detection between the pre-earthquake and the post-earthquake images, and the damage detection based on the multi-sources data. Limitations and drawbacks of these methods are proposed. Finally, combining with some cutting-edge technologies in remote sensing domain, the latest research progress of building damage detection based on the high-resolution remote sensing technology, synthetic aperture radar technology, light detection and ranging technology, and oblique aerial photography technology are summarized in detail.