北京城市舒适性、差异性与创新能力的关系

城市舒适性对城市创新发展有重要影响，但对大都市区内部舒适性及差异性对城市创新能力的影响研究较少。以北京市为研究区域，利用耦合协调度模型和多元线性回归模型分析城市舒适性与创新能力的关系。研究发现：① 北京市总体舒适性分布特点是以中心城区为核心，随着距中心城区距离增加，城区的舒适性水平逐渐降低。② 北京生态环境舒适性呈现从西北地区向东南地区逐渐递减的特点，而人工环境和社会氛围的舒适性由中心向四周地区递减，各区的舒适性水平在空间分布上呈集聚状态，高-高型聚类集中在东城区、西城区、朝阳区、海淀区及丰台区，形成北京市“高舒适性”区域。③ 结合耦合协调度模型发现北京市除平谷区、密云区和延庆区，其他城区目前均处于高水平耦合阶段，海淀区、东城区、西城区、朝阳区、丰台区的创新能力和舒适性发展耦合协调度较高，但北京市各区也存在舒适性与城市创新之间发展相对滞后问题。④ 北京城市舒适性与创新能力存在正相关关系，但不同舒适性要素对创新能力的作用不同，文化教育条件对城市创新能力的影响强度最大，交通便利性和社会氛围对创新能力的作用次之。政策建议是要推进文化教育、交通条件等人工舒适性水平的相对均衡发展，提高各区的城市舒适性，以城市舒适性推动创新能力的提升。

The Relationship Between Urban Amenity,Difference and Innovation Ability in Beijing

Urban amenity has an important impact on urban innovation and development, but there is a lack of research on the impact of metropolitan internal amenity and differences on urban innovation ability. Taking Beijing as the research area, this article uses coupling coordination degree model and multiple linear regression models to analyze the relationship between urban amenity and innovation ability. The main conclusions of this article are as follows. 1) The overall level of urban amenity distribution of Beijing gradually decreases with the increase of the distance from the central urban area to suburbs. 2) The northwestern districts in Beijing has better ecological environment amenity than the southeastern districts. However, artificial environment and social atmosphere decrease from the urban center to the surrounding areas and the urban amenity level of each district shows a phenomenon of agglomeration in spatial distribution, with high-high clustering concentrated in Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Chaoyang District, Haidian District and Fengtai District and forming a “high urban amenity” area in Beijing. 3) Based on the coupling coordination degree model, it is found that except Pinggu District, Miyun District and Yanqing District, other urban areas in Beijing are in the high-level coupling stage. Haidian District, Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Chaoyang District and Fengtai District have a high degree of coupling and coordination of innovation ability and amenity development, but there is also a lag between the development of urban amenity and urban innovation in all districts of Beijing. 4) There is a positive correlation between urban amenity and innovation ability in Beijing, but different urban amenity factors have different effects on innovation ability. Cultural and educational amenity has the greatest impact on urban innovation ability, and traffic amenity and social atmosphere have the second effect on innovation ability. The policy implication of this paper is that Beijing should promote the relative balanced development of artificial amenity level such as culture, education and traffic amenity to improve the coordination of urban amenity to enhance urban innovation ability of each district.