河南省专业村销售市场的时空变化——以50个专业村为例北大核心CSCDCSSCI

专业村是农区经济发展的重要形式,销售市场作为影响专业村发展的关键因素,其时空变化是一个值得探究的问题。文章以河南省50个专业村2008年和2017年两次追踪调查数据为基础,运用标准差椭圆、社会网络分析和地理探测器等方法,梳理了河南省50个专业村销售市场的时空变化特征。研究结果表明:①专业村销售市场在时空分布上具有差异性、扩张性、波动性和扁平化的分异特征。其中心迁移变动方向不一,空间分布范围不断扩张,市场波动性比较明显,呈现出扁平化的发展趋势。②在网络结构上表现为“省内紧缩、省外拓展”的演化格局。国内一线城市的个体中心性在增强,省内部分城市的个体中心性在减弱。③在市场开拓上呈显著扩张态势,但受产品特性和交通条件等限制,不同类型专业村销售市场的扩散特征存在一定差异。从扩散距离来看,服务业型最远,农业型最近;从扩散增量大小来看,服务业型最大,工业型较小;从扩散速率快慢来看,农业型最快,工业型偏慢。④测算结果表明,不同因素对专业村销售市场扩散距离的解释力存在显著差异。整体来看,资源禀赋优势有所减弱,交通条件、产业水平和销售方式等影响明显增强。专业村销售市场的变化机制较为复杂,必要的村庄基础与产业组织为专业村产品的生产销售提供了空间载体与经济载体,销售市场则通过反馈机制,不断规范生产,促进产业升级。

Spatiotemporal evolution of specialized village sales market in Henan Province:Take 50 specialized villages as an example

Specialized villages (SVs) are the important forms of economic development in rural areas. As a key factor affecting the development of SVs, sales market is an important issue worth exploring. Based on two follow-up surveys of 50 SVs in Henan Province in 2008 and 2017, this paper used the methods of Standard Deviational Ellipse (SDE), Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Geodetector to sort out the spatiotemporal evolution of 50 SVs’ sales market. The results show that: (1) The spatiotemporal evolution was characterized by difference, expansion, fluctuation and flattening. The sales market center’s migration directions of SVs were different, spatial distribution was expanding, and market volatility was obvious, which shows a flat development trend. The product sales of SVs were less affected by externalities, and their internal effects were enhanced. (2) In terms of network structure, it showed the evolutionary characteristics of "tightening within the province and expanding outside the province". The individual centrality of the first tier cities in China was increasing, while the individual centrality of most cities in the province was weakening. In the early stage of the formation and development of SVs, the local market was the main supplier of its products. However, with the improvement of product quality, in order to obtain more profits, it had gradually developed into a sales pattern of "mainly outside the province market, supplemented by the market within the province". (3) In the market development, the overall situation was significantly expanded. From the perspective of diffusion distance, service-oriented SV was the furthest, followed by manufacture SV, and agriculture SV was the nearest. From the perspective of diffusion growth, service-oriented SV was the largest, followed by agriculture SV, and manufacture SV was the smallest. From the perspective of diffusion rate, agriculture SV was the fastest, followed by the service-oriented SV, and manufacture SV was the slowest. (4) There were significant differences in the explanatory power of different factors to the diffusion distance of sales market. On the whole, the advantage of resource endowment had weakened, and the influence of traffic conditions, industrial level and sales mode on the evolution of sales market was increasing. The evolution mechanism of SV sales market was complex. The necessary village foundation and industrial organization provided space carrier and economic carrier for the production and sales of SV products. Through the feedback mechanism, the sales market constantly standardized production and promoted industrial upgrading.