老年人的休闲涉入与地方依恋——基于广州城市公园的实证研究

在广州市7个城市公园收集423份有效问卷，基于吸引力、中心性、自我表现、地方依赖和地方认同等核心概念，构建老年人休闲涉入与地方依恋之间关系的模型。通过验证性因子分析和路径分析，探讨老年人休闲涉入对公园地方依恋的影响关系路径及影响机制。研究发现，休闲涉入的吸引力维度对地方依赖产生了显著的正向影响，自我表现维度正向显著影响地方认同，中心性维度正向显著影响地方依赖和地方认同。验证了休闲涉入与地方依恋之间总体上存在正相关，并将该结论拓展到老年人群体和公园休闲情境中。此外，探讨城市公园中老年人休闲涉入对地方依恋的影响机制，以期在人口老龄化的背景下，为提高老年人的地方依恋提供理论参考和实践建议。

Leisure Involvement and Place Attachment Among the Elderly: An Empirical Study of Urban Parks in Guangzhou

As both the number and percentage of the elderly population continue to rise, population aging has become a new trend in China. How to improve the quality of life of the elderly has become an urgent issue in both academic and practical circles. As frequently visited places by the elderly in their daily lives, urban parks play important roles in the background of population aging. Leisure involvement and place attachment of the elderly directly affect the leisure experience and emotional status of the elderly. Research on leisure involvement and place attachment of the elderly in urban parks is of great importance for improving the quality of life of the elderly and the quality of parks. Previous research has investigated the relationship between place attachment and involvement, suggesting that involvement is an antecedent variable of place attachment. While most of the studies on involvement and place attachment have focused on tourism destinations, relatively few studies have investigated involvement and place attachment in urban parks, especially among the elderly. Based on the existing literature, we conceptualized leisure involvement as a three-dimensional concept consisting of attraction, centrality, and self-expression; and conceptualized place attachment as a two-dimensional concept consisting of place dependence and place identity. Using data collected from seven urban parks in Guangzhou (N=423), we constructed a model of the relationship between leisure involvement and place attachment of the elderly. Confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were conducted in AMOS to explore the relationship between leisure involvement and place attachment, and its mechanisms. Qualitative data were also collected to support the findings of the quantitative analysis. Results suggest a complicated relationship between place attachment and leisure involvement: the attraction dimension of leisure involvement has a significant positive impact on place dependence but no significant effect on place identity; The self-expression dimension has a significant positive impact on place identity, but no significant effect on place dependence; And the centrality dimension has significant positive impacts on both place dependence and place identity. These findings indicate that improving the attractiveness of urban parks may enhance functional attachment and improving the self-identity of the elderly may enhance emotional attachment. The centrality of urban parks in the elderly’s daily lives may improve both functional and emotional attachment. These findings resonate with the existing argument by supporting the positive correlation between leisure involvement and place attachment among the elderly in urban park settings in China. The qualitative analysis also finds that the location and accessibility of urban parks may also improve the elderly’s place attachment. Based on the above findings, we also discuss the mechanism of the impact of leisure involvement on place attachment among the elderly in urban parks. This study provides theoretical implications and practical suggestions for improving place attachment among the elderly in the context of population aging.