黄河三角洲典型区域地下水动态分析

地下水作为三角洲地区水循环的重要环节，对整合土地利用和水资源管理以及河口湿地自然保护区的存在 与发展具有重要作用。采用surfer 软件绘制的地下水埋深等值线图显示地下水埋深的分布规律为沿黄河河道附近 地下水埋深较深， 滨海以及河间洼地为地下水浅埋区。在SPSS11.5 统计分析软件的帮助下， 采用偏相关分析( Partial 过程) 方法从地下水埋深多年和年内变化两个方面研究黄河三角洲典型地块地下水埋深和降水量、黄河径流量 之间的相关关系。研究结果表明， 黄河三角洲地区地下水动态变化受多个驱动因子的控制， 在不同时间段和不同的 地理位置影响程度不同， 且多年地下水埋深的序列规律性较差， 地下水埋深多年动态和年内动态变化复杂且均不 受径流量和降水量影响。东营市引黄灌溉、引黄蓄水( 城市生活与工业用水等) 、大型引排水利工程的兴建等可能是 导致地下水位持续上升的主要原因， 为今后地下水资源管理和三角洲湿地资源的保护提供依据。

Variations of Groundwater Depth in Yellow River Delta in Recent Two Decades

Groundwater is one of the most important aspects of hydrological cycle in Yellow River Delta.Groundwater systems play an important role in integrating land and water management as well as in maintaining and protecting wetland.In this study,the isograms of groundwater depth show that the depth of groundwater near the Yellow River is deeper and near the sea and the interfluvial lowlands is shallower in the typical region.Based on the bivariate and partial analysis by SPSS 11.5 software,the interactions between groundwater depth and precipitation or runoff quantity are analyzed both on the annual and monthly variations of groundwater.It is revealed that:the variations of groundwater depth in Yellow River Delta(besides the nature reserves) do not have obvious rule and are controlled by multiple driver factors,which have different effects on groundwater depth at different stages or sites.In this region,the variations of groundwater are complicated and not controlled by precipitation and runoff quantity.Moreover,human activities,including the irrigated-runoff,the deposited-runoff in reservoirs from the Yellow River which provide urban domestic and industrial water quantity,may become more important influencing factors which lead to the rise of groundwater level.This study provides some basic information as requirement for the management of groundwater resource and protection of wetland in the delta.However,limited by data and length of the paper,the quantitative relationship between human activities and groundwater depth will be studied in future research.