Locations of thin liquid water layers on present-day Mars

CRISM indicates the presence of water ice patches in Richardson crater, located on Mars’ southern polar region at the area of the seasonal ice cap. Numerical simulations suggest that the maximum daytime temperature of the ice at these locations is between 195 and 220 K during local spring. Previous studies suggest that at these temperatures liquid interfacial water could be present. Here, for the first time, we provide an example where the environmental conditions allow for the formation of such liquid films on present day Mars at the southern hemisphere. The upper bound estimated H₂O loss during the presence of these water ice patches is approximately 30 μm between Ls = 200 and 220, though it may be as low as 0.1 μm depending on the ambient water vapor. The upper bound value is larger than the expected condensation thickness in autumn; however, it may still be realistic due to CO₂ gas jet generated deposition and possible subsequent accumulation on mineral grains. The presence of this interfacial water may have impact on local chemical processes along with astrobiological importance.