Effect of grazing intensity on evapotranspiration in the semiarid grasslands of Inner Mongolia,China |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029 Beijing, China;2. Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Chair of Meteorology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01737 Tharandt, Germany;3. Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24118 Kiel, Germany;1. College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhot, 010018, China;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China;3. USDA-ARS Forage and Range Research Lab, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-6300, USA;4. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100029, China;1. Biodiversity and Ecological Modelling, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstrasse 6, Berlin 14195, Germany;2. Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences (DCPS), Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin D-14195, Germany;3. Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, Potsdam 14469, Germany;4. Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin D-14195, Germany;1. Department of Grassland Science of Animal Science and Technology College, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2. USDA-ARS Forage and Range Research Lab, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-6300, USA;3. Department of Biology and Biochemistry of College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5001, USA;1. Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Animal Science and Technology College, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2. College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australia National University, Canberra 0200, Australia;3. USDA-ARS Forage and Range Research Lab, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-6300, USA;4. College of Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA;1. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;2. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;4. Zoige Peatland and Global Change Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hongyuan 624400, China;5. Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biology Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal C3H 3P8, Canada;6. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, GPO Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal;7. Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;8. Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;9. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;10. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China |
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| Abstract: | The eddy covariance technique was used to measure evapotranspiration (ET) at four different grazing intensity sites to investigate the grazing effects on ET in the semiarid steppe ecosystems of Inner Mongolia. By reducing available energy, and decreasing soil water content (SWC), grazing decreased ET on a seasonal scale compared with the site ungrazed since 1979 (UG79). The most important climatic factor controlling ET on daily scale shifted from SWC to Net radiation (Rn) when grazing intensity increased. SWC, Rn and air temperature (or vapor pressure deficit) can explain 59%–71% of the variation in daily ET. On the other hand, leaf area index (LAI) affected ET slightly at UG79 under the commonly limited soil water conditions. Even no effect of LAI at the heavily grazed site was detected. This suggests that the direct effect of grazing reducing LAI on ET is not significant in this semiarid steppe ecosystem. Soil evaporation compensates for most of the loss in transpiration due to reduced LAI. |
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