一次大暴雨过程的物理量平衡分析

本文分析了1977年7月一次大暴雨过程的动能、感热和水汽的平衡。结果表明暴雨系统把来自周围大气的感热能和潜热能变成动能,在高层又将动能输送给周围大气。次网格尺度运动对天气尺度系统的作用是感热源、潜热汇。对于动能,在强对流的中心区是动能源,在包括中心周围的较大范围内是汇。 本文所得结果对于降水数值预报模式的设计有一定意义。

MOISTURE, SENSIBLE HEAT AND KINETIC ENERGY BUDGETS DURING THE HEAVY RAINFALL

In this paper the kinetic energy, sensible and latent heat budgets over limited area are calculated during the heavy rainfall in July 1977.In the heavy rainfall system sensible and latent heat, supplied from surroundings, are converted into kinetic energy, which is transported out of the area at upper levels by horizontal flux divergence. Subgrid-scale motion leads to increase of sensible heat and decrease of latent heat of the grid scales of motion.Transfer of kinetic energy from subgrid to grid scales of motion is observed in the area with most intense rainfall, but an opposite transfer occurs in its surroundings. Some results of this paper are useful for designing numerical models of precipitation.