中亚各国在咸海流域水资源问题上的冲突与合作

咸海流域是中亚社会发展进程中水资源供需矛盾和生态环境问题表现最为突出的区域，已严重妨碍了经济发展和社会稳定，甚至严重影响到中亚国家间的关系. 在解决咸海问题上，中亚各国虽然都表现出了极度忧虑和希望合作解决共同问题的诚意，签订了一系列的多边和双边合作协议，付诸了较多的行动；发达国家和国际组织也多方介入，大力援助、积极斡旋，但仍未从根本上缓解咸海危机. 深入分析介绍了咸海流域的水资源及开发利用情况、中亚各国在咸海流域水资源问题上的冲突以及开展的一系列合作，探讨了咸海危机的潜在水冲突，提出了合理利用水资源，实现流域一体化管理，化解咸海危机的对策措施.

Water Resources Issue among the Central Asian Countries around the Aral Sea: Conflict and Cooperation

Around the Aral Sea in Central Asia,the process of social development,water supply and demand and environmental issues are most prominent,which have seriously hindered the economic development and social stability,or even seriously affect the relations among the Central Asian countries.To tackle these issues,the Central Asian countries have shown great concern and sincerity,desiring to cooperate to solve the common problems.They have signed a series of multilateral and bilateral cooperation agreements and,indeed,do the deed.Developed countries and international organizations have also intervened in many ways,with great assistance and active mediation,however,the Aral Sea crisis still not be eased fundamentally yet.In this paper,the situation of development and utilization of water resources around the Aral Sea and the conflict and cooperation about water resources among the Central Asian countries are described and analyzed in detail.Countermeasures for reasonable use of water resources to achieve integrated river basin management and to resolve the Aral Sea crisis are put forward.