近年来长江口南槽河势演变过程及航道开发建议

南槽是长江口第三级分流南汊道,是上海市重要的船舶航行通道之一,两侧发育两大滩涂资源。根据长江口南槽2002-2013年水下地形数据,结合上游来水来沙和南槽分流分沙资料,对南槽演变进行全面分析,结果表明:南槽上段分流口区持续冲刷,处于不稳定状态;中段主槽区域基本处于"槽冲滩淤"状态;下游拦门沙河段基本处于稳定状态。在人为因素和自然条件的双重影响下,南汇边滩处于"滩动槽稳"态势,而九段沙一侧处于"滩稳槽动"状态。目前河槽深泓线摆幅很小,适宜航道继续的开发。

RIVER REGIME EVOLUTION OF THE SOUTH PASSAGE OF THE YANGTZE ESTUARY AND SUGGESTIONS FOR CHANNEL DEVELOPMENT

The south passage is a 3rd grade branch of the Yangtze River mouth. It is one of the most important ship navigation channels of the city of Shanghai. There are tidal flats on both sides of the passage. Based on the hydrological data of 2002-2013, combined with the data of runoff and sediment discharge from upstream, and the concerned data of the South Passage, we made a comprehensive study of the evolution of the south channel. The results show that the upper part of the South Passage is continuously under scouring and remains under a state of instability, while the middle reach is characterized by erosion in channel and siltation on beach and basically remains is in a rather stable state. Under the influence of both the natural process and human activities, the Nanhui point bar is under the state of stable channel and moving beaches at present, whereas the Jiuduansha side remains unstable on beach and in channel. The shift of thalwag is small. The current status of the passage indicates that the South Passage remains good as a transporting channel.