海底沉积物工程力学性质原位测量方法

随着海洋设施的开发和海底沉积物的调查,了解海底土体的工程力学性质成为必不可少的研究内容。海底沉积物工程力学性质原位测量方法,具有测试快捷,测量精度高,测试结果更加接近真实环境的特点,其应用前景日益广阔。系统介绍了海底沉积物的工程力学性质指标,原位测试的特点,分析了国际上目前主要测量方法的进展情况,包括海底静力触探、海底动力贯入仪、消耗式海底贯入仪、全流动贯入仪、扁铲侧胀等,希望能对我国海底沉积物工程力学性质原位测量技术的发展提供参考。

IN SITU MEASUREMENT OF THE ENGINEERING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SEAFLOOR SEDIMENT

The development of in-situ marine observation facilities for investigation of the engineering mechanics properties of seabed soil is critical to marine engineering programes. Practical application requires that the in situ measurement equipment must be characterized by short survey cycle, wide measuring range, and the testing results are closer to the true environmental features. However, in-situ investigation facilities as such are poor developed in China. In this paper, we described the engineering mechanical properties of marine sediment need to be measured, discussed the major requirements of in-situ testing, and introduced in details the measurement methods for engineering mechanical properties of seafloor sediment,including offshore CPT, dynamic cone penetration equipment, expendable bottom penetrometer, full-flow penetrometer, flate dilatometer testing for reference. Hope it will be beneficial to the development of the offshore in-situ testing business in China.