有机污染土壤-地下水系统中的微生物场及多场耦合研究

了解污染场地中微生物群落对有机污染物迁移转化的影响是高效修复治理有机污染场地的基础。自然界中的微生物以“场”的形式通过与水动力场、温度场、化学场等耦合作用,发挥其在维护生态稳定性及物质循环过程中的功能。微生物与有机物关联研究的文献计量分析结果显示,近年来关于微生物和有机物的研究主要集中在微生物群落结构、有机物的生物降解及有机物的迁移转化3个方面及一系列的关联研究中,而关于将微生物以“场”的形式定量刻画微生物在物质循环转化和维持生态稳定性方面作用的研究几乎没有。为此,本文通过研究给出了微生物场的定义,提出了有机污染场地中的微生物场概念模型和数学模型,分析了微生物场的主要影响因素及影响机制,构建了微生物场与水动力场、温度场、化学场之间耦合的本构模型。最后,对微生物场下一步的研究提出了展望。

Microbial fields and multi-field coupling in organic contaminated soil-groundwater systems

Understanding the impact of microbial communities on the migration and transformation of organic pollutants is the basis for efficient remediation and treatment of organic contaminated sites. Microorganisms in nature exist as “fields” via coupling with hydrodynamic field, temperature field, chemical field, etc. to exert their functions in the process of maintaining ecological stability and material circulation. The bibliometric analysis results revealed that in recent years, researches on microorganisms and organic matter have been mainly focused on three aspects: microbial community structure, biodegradation of organic matter, and migration and transformation of organic matter, along with a series of related studies; whereas only few studies have been conducted to quantitatively characterize microorganisms in the form of “fields” for their role in material circulation-transformation and maintenance of ecological stability. Hence, we sought to provide a definition for microbial field, and proposed a conceptual model and a mathematical model of microbial field in organic contaminated site. Furthermore, we explored the main influencing factors and mechanism of microbial field, and constructed a constitutive model of microbial field coupled with hydrodynamic field, temperature field and chemical field. Finally, the prospects for future research on microbial field were proposed.