Reappraisal of Fresnosaurus drescheri (Plesiosauria; Elasmosauridae) from the Maastrichtian Moreno Formation,California, USA |
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| Institution: | 1. División Paleontología Vertebrados, Anexos de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Avenida 60 y 122, B1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina;2. CONICET: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina;1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada;2. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada;1. PALEOLAB (Laboratório de Paleontologia), Departamento de Geologia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, UFPE, Av. Acadêmico Hélio Ramos s/n, CEP 50740-530, Recife, PE, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Paleontologia e Paleoecologia da Sociedade de História Natural, Travessa Florêncio Augusto Chagas nº 8B, 2560-230 Torres Vedras, Portugal;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, Agronomia, 91540-000 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;2. Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, Agronomia, 91540-000 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;3. CONICET-Sección Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. Geosciences, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;2. Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. ACK 1-1, Ackerstraße 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany;3. Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada;4. Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstr. 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany;1. Grupo de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain;2. Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Rua da Academia das Ciências, 19, 1249-122, Lisbon, Portugal;3. Centro de Investigação em Ciência e Engenharia Geológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-216, Monte de Caparica, Portugal;4. Grupo de Investigación IberCreta, Departamento de Geología y Geografía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain;5. Grupo de Investigación Procesos Bióticos Mesozoicos, Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain;6. Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço, Universidade de Coimbra, Observatório Astronómico, Almas de Freire, Santa Clara, 3040-004, Coimbra, Portugal;7. Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal;8. Departamento de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad de La Rioja, Luis Ulloa s/n, 26004, Logroño, Spain;1. División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n., B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1425FQB Buenos aires, Argentina;3. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires (IGeBA – CONICET) Dto. de Cs. Geológicas – FCEyN – Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Guiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina;4. Instituto Antártico Argentino, 25 De Mayo 1143, San Martín, Buenos Aires,1650 Argentina |
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| Abstract: | The elasmosaurid Fresnosaurus drescheri, Welles from the contact between the Tierra Loma/Marca members of the Moreno Formation (Maastrichtian), California, USA is reviewed. Most of the features included in Welles's original diagnosis are considered related only to the juvenile ontogenetic stage of the holotype and only specimen. The new diagnosis is based on diagnostic characters of the ilia, including long rectangular shaped sacral facets located in the dorsal part of the shaft, two gentle knobs in the shafts and unexpanded dorsal end. Additional material from the Moreno Formation (numbered under the same number as the F. drescheri holotype but not mentioned by Welles and therefore considered part of a different specimen) are described for the first time. The latter are referred to the aristonectine, being the first evidence of aristonectines from the North Hemisphere. |
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| Keywords: | Plesiosauria Elasmosauridae Upper Cretaceous Moreno Formation |
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