The sources of ore-forming material in the low-sulfidation epithermal Wulaga gold deposit,NE China: Constraints from S,Pb isotopes and REE pattern |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, University College, Cork, Ireland;2. Department of Geology, School of Biology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College, Cork, Ireland;1. Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;2. Geological Survey of New South Wales, PO Box 344, Hunter Region Mail Centre, NSW 2310, Australia;3. Exploration Consultant, 468 Fairy Hole Rd, Yass, NSW 2582, Australia;4. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia;5. Argent Minerals, 6 Clerence Street, Sydney, NSW, Australia;1. Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia;2. The University of Western Australia, Centre for Exploration Targeting (M006), Nedlands WA 6009, Australia,;3. Geological Survey of Queensland, GPO Box 15216, Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia;1. MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Beijing 100037, China;2. Centre for Exploration Targeting, ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;3. National Research Center of Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China;4. China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | The Wulaga gold deposit, located in Heilongjiang province, NE China, is a subvolcanic rock-hosted, low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposit, and has an Au reserve of about 84 tons. The gold mineralization occurs in a crypto-explosive breccia, and is spatially and temporally associated with an Early Cretaceous granodioritic porphyry. Three individual stages of mineralization have been identified in the Wulaga gold deposit: an early white quartz-euhedral vein stage, a fine-grained pyrite–marcasite–stibnite–chalcedony stage, and a late calcite–pyrite stage. The sulfur isotopic values of sulfide minerals vary in a wide range from ? 4 to 4.9‰, but are concentrated in the range of ? 3 to 0‰, implying that sulfur in the hydrothermal fluids was derived from magmatic volatiles. Lead isotopic results of the granodioritic porphyry (206Pb/204Pb = 18.341–18.395, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.507–15.523, 208Pb/204Pb = 38.174–38.251) and sulfide minerals (206Pb/204Pb = 18.172–18.378, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.536–15.600, 208Pb/204Pb = 38.172–38.339) are comparatively consistent and clustered together between the orogenic and upper mantle lines, indicating the lead in the ores is closely related to the parent magma of the granodioritic porphyry. The REE patterns of fluid inclusions trapped in sulfides are similar to those of the granodioritic porphyry, which confirms the magmatic origin of the REE in the hydrothermal fluids. The characteristics of S and Pb isotopes and REE suggest that the ore-forming materials of the Wulaga gold deposit are partly magmatic in origin, and related to a high-level hydrous granodioritic magma. |
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