Molecular and organism biomarkers of copper pollution in the ascidian Pseudodistoma crucigaster |
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| Authors: | Agell G Turon X De Caralt S López-Legentil S Uriz M J |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;1. Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain;2. Laboratoire d''Excellence “CORAIL”, Université de Perpignan CBETM, 58 rue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France;3. Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain;4. Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain;5. Oceanographic Institute of Spain, Avda. Príncipe de Asturias, 70 bis, 33212 Gijon, Spain;6. Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, 7010 Nelson, New Zealand;1. IFREMER, Centre Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire ressources halieutiques, BP 699, 62321 Boulogne-sur-mer, France;2. IFREMER, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR (UMR 6539), CS, 10070, F-29280 Plouzané, France;3. IFREMER, Centre de Bretagne, Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques, Z.I. Pointe du Diable, CS, 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France;4. Université Littoral Côte d''Opale, Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d''Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930 Wimereux, France;5. Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR (UMR 6539) F-29280, CS, 10070, F-29280 Plouzané, France;6. Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada;7. Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria;1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, United States;2. Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, University of New Hampshire, 24 Colovos Road, Durham, NH 03824, United States |
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| Abstract: | We studied the effects of pollution in the colonial ascidian Pseudodistoma crucigaster at organismal and suborganismal levels. Our goal was to find early biomarkers to detect some effect of pollution before changes in community structure or species composition occur. We examined the effect of Cu on the production of heat-shock proteins, defence metabolites, growth rates and presence of resistance forms. We performed a transplant experiment to a Cu polluted harbour and observed negative growth and presence of resistance forms but not depressed production of toxic metabolites or an increase in stress proteins (hsp) in the ascidian. In a laboratory experiment, stress proteins were induced only under half the Cu concentration found in the harbour. We conclude that hsp can be used in this ascidian as an early warning system for sublethal pollution but that the response is inhibited above a threshold of the stressing agent, which may vary among species. |
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