二倍体和三倍体太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)繁殖前后生化成分及氨基酸组成的比较研究

对太平洋蛎二倍体和三倍体在繁殖前后的几种生化成分和氨基酸组成进行了比较研究，为牡蛎的生理生化研究提供了基础数据。结果显示：太平洋牡蛎的总糖，糖原，脂肪和蛋白的含量与其繁密切相关，二倍体牡蛎在繁殖后的总糖，糖原，脂肪的含量比繁殖前分别降低了24．31％，30．37％，14．91％，三倍体分别降低了9．45％，7．17％，20．29％，而二倍体和三倍体牡蛎粗蛋白的含量在繁殖后较繁殖前分别增高了14．91％，12．285，表明了糖类和脂肪是牡蛎殖能量的主要来源，繁殖前三倍体牡蛎的糖原含量比二倍体高23．30％，繁殖后二倍体糖原含量明显降低，三倍体的糖原含量比二倍体高了73．83％，表明三倍体牡蛎由于可育性低而体内一直保持较高水平的糖原含量，从而在繁殖季节也保持了鲜美的口味。二倍体太平洋牡蛎与三倍体的氨基酸组成和含量的分析比较也表明，二倍体牡蛎的氨基酸组分在繁殖前后变化较大，而三倍体的氨基酸组分相对稳定。

COMPARISON OF BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND AMINO ACID CONTENTS BETWEEN DIPLOID AND TRIPLOID PACIFIC OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA GIGAS,PRE-AND-POST SPAWNING

Four kinds of biochemical components and amino acid contents were analysized and compared between diploids and triploids Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, at the time of pre-and-post spawning. The results show that the contents of carbohydrate, glycogen, lipid and protein in oysters are closely related to their reproductive activity. The contents of carbohydrate, glycogen and lipid after spawning drop by 24.31%,30.37% and 14.91%, respectively in diploid oysters, and 9.45%,7.17% and 20.29% respectively in triploid oysters. The content of protein increases by 14.91% in diploids and 12.28% in triploids after spawning. All these indicate that carbohydrate (or glycogen) and lipid are the major resource of energy consumed in the reproductive activity. The content of glycogen in triploid oysters is 23.3% higher than that in diploids before spawning, but 73.83% higher than that in diploids after spawning because diploids used up lots of glycogen in the reproduction while triploids didnot. This indicates that triploid oysters can keep a high level of glycogen so as to keep a delicious flavor during the reproductive season because of its sterility. The analysis and comparison of the components of amino acid between diploid and triploid oysters also show that the components of amino acid changed greatly in diploids but kept relatively stable in triploids during the reproductive season.