印度洋海啸灾害遥感监测与评估——以印度尼西亚亚齐省为例

介绍了运用新一代中分辨率小卫星数据———英国灾害监测小卫星(DMC,DisasterMonitoringConstellation)数据源,以印度尼西亚亚齐省为例,采用遥感数据作为信息源,对2004-12-26印尼苏门答腊岛西北海域发生的里氏9·0级的强烈地震所引发的印度洋海啸灾害进行了监测评估。所获得的小卫星图像预处理后,通过对图像中受损失地物的光谱信息分析、受损失信息与环境背景信息的对比分析,进而建立其判读标志;并在此基础上进行损失程度分级判读、统计分析等,实现了从小卫星图像上对海啸灾情损失的遥感快速监测评估。其监测评估结果为中国开展国际援助提供了客观依据,其技术方法为海啸灾害及其它灾害的遥感快速监测评价提供了技术思路,也为中国即将发射运行的灾害和环境监测预报小卫星星座及中国DMC小卫星的应用提供必要的经验及技术支持。

Monitoring and Assessment for the Tsunami Disaster of Indian Ocean by Remote Sensing: A Case Study in Aceh Province of Indonesia

The Indian Ocean Tsunami disaster occurred on December 26 in 2004. This paper introduces the method and the result for monitoring and assessing this Tsunami disaster by the usage of new generation Moderate Resolution data from the British Disaster Monitoring Constellation(DMC). The multi-spectrum bands resolution is 32 meter. This work takes Aceh province of Indonesia as a case study. By pre-processing of DMC image, the analysis of the spectrum information for damaged ground objects, the contrast analysis of the interesting areas and their environment background information, the interpretation keys for each loss degree in grade has been established. Through interpreting DMC image, the boundary of all the damaged objects was elelineated according to the loss extent, then statistics and analysis were made for the tsunami disaster extent of disaster losses. Fast and macroscopic is its characteristic. The results of this paper show that the method is feasibly. It provides the objective and referenced information for the assistance of Chinese government. Moreover, it will provide the methodology for other disasters, and the application supports for the application of coming Disaster and Environment Forecast Constellation and Chinese DMC.