基于SWAN模型的南中国海“莫拉菲”台风浪研究

我国的水运工程建设频繁受到台风浪的侵袭。为了对台风浪的防灾减灾提供有益帮助,本文基于第三代海浪模式SWAN建立了南中国海台风浪数值模型,并以“0906”号台风“莫拉菲”为例对模拟结果进行了分析。结果表明,台风风场与波浪场相似,即大小均由中心向外围递减,方向均为逆时针旋转;台风风场呈圆对称分布,而波浪场由于受到海底地形与岸线影响,呈现椭圆对称分布。有效波高等值线亦从中心向外围递减,且形状受地形与岸线影响较大。对台风浪组成机制的探讨结果显示风浪和涌浪均可组成台风浪,且海底地形与岸线(例如岛屿效应)亦对台风浪特性有所影响。

Study on Molave typhoon wave in South China Sea based on SWAN model

The construction of water transport project in China is frequently attacked by typhoon waves. To provide useful help for disaster prevention and mitigation of typhoon waves, the third generation wave model SWAN was established,which is suitable for South China Sea. Meanwhile, No. 0906 typhoon “Molave” was taken as an example to analyze the simulation results. Results show that the wind field and wave field are similar, i.e. the magnitude decreases from center to periphery, and the direction is counterclockwise rotation; the wind field is circular symmetric, while the wave field is elliptically symmetric due to the topography and coastline. The effective wave height contour also decreases from center to periphery, and the shape is influenced greatly by the topography and the coastline. Finally, the composition mechanism of typhoon wave was discussed. The results show that both storm wave and surge can form typhoon waves, and the submarine topography and coastline(e.g, island effect) also influence the characteristics of typhoon waves.