山岳风景区生态环境问题

从山岳风景区生态特征，论述山岳风景区的主要生态环境问题及其产生的根本原因和对策。文章认为，在山岳风景区，松材线虫病的人为传播有可能导致松树灭绝；供水工程改变了地表水和地下水的时空分布，降低了地表水体的净化能力，对河床和沿河植物产生不利影响；旅游交通和服务设施建设有可能引发塌方，改变微水系，影响植物的生长；与周围环境不协调的建筑物是永久性视觉污染；超载的客流和游人不良行为无益于游人赏景，不利于保护古树名木，对生物、土壤等产生不利影响；引种外来植物有可能导致生态灾难。山岳风景区环境问题产生的根本原因在于不能全面认识旅游与环境的关系，法制不完善，风景资源的所有权、管理权、经营权不分。解决山岳风景区环境问题的根本对策在于提高认识，完善法制，理顺管理体制。

Preliminary Study on TheEco-environmental Issues of Mountainous Scenic Spot

This article,firstly introducts the ecological characteristics of mountainous scenic spot from the landscape, community, renewal interfering ecology, then some main eco_environmental issues existing in mountainous scenic spot there was denified such as: the human epidic of the pine nematiodiasis could make the pine trees extinct in scenic spot; the water_supply project changed the distribution of the surface and ground water in the time and space, thus have reduced the surface water's purification ability and produced some influences on the river bed and the plants along the river; the tourism traffic and service installations construction could cause landslide, change the micro_water system and affect the growing of plants; the inharmonious building could become permanent visual pollution; the overload visitors and theirs harmful actions are not favourable for sight_seeing and protecting old and famous trees, also produce negative influences on the living things and soil; foreign plants could cause ecological disasters. Finally the author states the final reasons and countermeasures for the above problems. The final reasons emerging the above problems are that there have a incorrect understanding of the relationships between tourism and environment, the legal system is imperfect and the rights of propriety, management and developing of scenic spot are not seperated very well. The final countermeasures solving the above problems are deepening ours understanging of tourism, environment, developing and protection, strengthening the legal system, seperating the rights of propriety, management and developing of scenic spot, and make the manage system well.