我国海岸带综合管理制度、实践及存在问题

海岸带综合管理作为沿海区域实现可持续发展目标的重要途径，对沿海地区科学有效地利用海岸带资源具有重要意义。本文从国家、省、市三个层面分析了我国当前海岸带综合管理制度现状和实践状况，提出了在海岸带综合管理立法缺失、权属不清、海陆统筹不能兼顾、海岸带规划与评价不足、管理技术亟待升级、海岸带基础数据尚不完备等制度方面存在的问题；基于国内外对海岸带综合管理的经验和实践，从加快海岸带立法、完善海岸带规划、协调综合管理、兼顾陆海统筹、提升管理技术、加强管理效果评价以及夯实基础信息等方面提出海岸带综合管理制度进一步完善的措施和建议，为进一步提升我国海岸带综合管理工作提供参考。

Integrated coastal zone management in China: system, practices and problems

As an important way to achieve sustainable development goals in coastal areas, the integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is of great significance to the scientific and effective utilization of coastal resources in coastal areas. This paper analyzes the current situation of ICZM in China from the national, provincial and municipal levels, and puts forward the problems existing in the system of ICZM, such as the unclear ownership of coastal zone management, the poor ability to balance land and sea planning, the inadequate coastal zone planning and evaluation, the undeveloped coastal zone management technologies, and the unsystematic coastal zone data. Based on the experiences and practices of ICZM in China, the measures and suggestions for further improvement of ICZM system are proposed in the aspects of accelerating coastal zone legislation, improving coastal zone planning, coordinating integrated management, taking into account land-sea coordination, improving management technologies, strengthening management effect evaluation and consolidating basic information, so as to provide reference for further improvement of ICZM in China.