基于结构水文地质学的采掘诱发高势能突水溃砂主动防控

在谷德振先生“水文地质结构”学术思想指引下，本文提出建立结构水文地质学的设想，论述了其基础理论框架。从方法论角度将矿山水害防控分为被动防控和主动防控两种方法。以结构水文地质学指导煤矿高势能突水溃砂防控，分析了被动防控可能产生突水溃砂灾害的机理; 提出了主动地质工程防控的原理，包括地质材料性质改造、结构隔水性能重构、赋存水动力环境改造、减轻采掘诱发覆岩破坏等具体方法。抛砖引玉，以期催生符合中国矿山防治水实践需要的创新理论和方法。

ACTIVE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF WATER-SAND MIXTURE INRUSH WITH HIGH POTENTIAL ENERGY DUE TO MINING BASED ON STRUCTURAL HYDROGEOLOGY

The practice of hydrogeology and water hazards prevention and control technology in China’s mines in the new century urgently needs to establish its own theoretical guidance. This paper puts forward the idea of establishing Structural Hydrogeology under the guidance of Professor Gu Dezhen’s academic thinking of “Hydrogeological Structure”, and discusses its basic theoretical framework. From the perspective of methodology, the prevention and control of water disaster in mines are divided into two methods: passive and active prevention and control. Structural Hydrogeology can guide the prevention and control of water-sand mixture inrush in coal mines. The mechanism of water-sand mixture inrush disaster with high potential energy from the passive prevention and control is analyzed. The idea of structural hydrogeology can also be used to guide the active geological engineering prevention and control of the water-sand mixture inrush with high potential energy. Combined with typical cases, specific methods are put forward from the transformation of geological material properties, structure reconstruction of water-separating properties, transformation of hydrodynamic storage environment, and mitigation of mining-induced rock mass damages. The main purpose of this work is to spawn an innovative theory and technology for water prevention and control with the characteristics of Chinese mines.