基于GIS的长白山景观格局演化信息图谱分析

景观格局是若干生态系统的综合体,受地貌、气候和其他外界多种因素的干扰,是模拟和预测地理要素变化趋势的基础。地学信息图谱理论为景观格局研究提供新的方法。基于RS和GIS技术,分析了20世纪70年代后期以来长白山地区景观格局图谱的时空变化规律。利用1977年MSS、1985年、1999年TM影像时间系列的遥感数据,建立空间信息库,选取景观/斑块类型面积、斑块所占景观面积的比例、平均斑块面积、斑块个数、破碎度指数、分维数、优势度指数等指标,对长白山景观空间格局的动态演变进行了分析。分析了长白山地区近30年来的景观结构变化,建立长白山景观格局演化的信息图谱。景观格局与过程的变化表明,人为活动对景观格局产生的影响,已成为景观格局变化的主要驱动因子。

Analysis on geo-info-spectrum of landscape pattern evolvement in Changbai Mountain based on GIS

Landscape pattern,which is the ecological complex and interfaced by the factors of landform,weather and etc,is the base of simulating and forecasting the mutative trend of geographical factors.Geo-Info spectrum offers a new method for studying the Landscape pattern.The paper has analyzed the temporal and spatial changing rule of Changbai Mountain since the late seventies of 20th century based on RS and GIS.The authors have established spatial information database according to the images of MSS in 1977 and TM in 1985 and 1999,and analyzed the active evolvement of landscape pattern in Changbai Mountain from choosing the area of landscape and spot type,the proportion for the patch in the area of landscape,the average area and the numbers of the patch,the rating dimensions,the fragmentation index,the dominance index,and etc.The atlas about the landscape pattern evolvement information in Changbai Mountain is built by analyzing the landscape structure changes for the latest 30 years.The changes for the landscape pattern and process indicate that the effect for landscape pattern caused by the human's action become a mainly driving factors for the changes of landscape pattern.