用STEM—Ⅱ模式研究东亚地区春季沙尘气溶胶对硫化物输送和沉降的影响

利用ＳＴＥＭ－ＩＩ三维区域尺度大气化学模式，研究了１９９４年３月１日至１４日东亚地区春季沙尘气溶胶对硫化物输送和沉降的影响。结果表明，ＳＯ２和ＳＯ２４的大值区主要出现在我国东部地区。在模拟时段，日本地区火山源的排放对该地区大气中Ｓ分布的贡献达１０％～３０％。并与当时飞机的观测结果相吻合。模拟区域内ＳＯ２和ＳＯ２４的收支的分析研究表明，在硫的总排放量中，从东边界面流出去的输送通量最大，并出现在３０～４００Ｎ带的２～６ｋｍ高度上，这是与该地区最大的人为排放源所在地相一致的。最后，给出了模拟时段整个对流层大气ＳＯ２－４气溶胶含量的分布，还仨算了ＳＯ２－４气溶胶对地气系统的直接辐射强迫和温度变化的影响。

Modeling Studies for the Effects of Spring-Time Mineral Aerosols on the Transport and Deposition of Sulfur in East Asia Using the STEM-II Model

The impact of spring-time mineral aerosols on the transport and deposition of sulfur in East Asia during the period of March 1 through March 14, 1994 is studied using a three-dimensional regional-scale atmospheric chemistry model (STEM-II model) coupled with the mineral dust processes. The results indicate that the areas of the maximum amounts of sulfur dioxide and particulate sulfate are located in the eastern China. The sulfur emitted from the volcanoes in Japan is responsible for 10% to 30% of the atmospheric sulfur in the local region during this time period, which is comparable with the aircraft-based measurements. The sulfur transport is largely limited to the 2~6 km level of the atmosphere, with the maximum flux occurring in the 30oN to 40oN hand which is consistent with the region of maximum anthropogenic emissions. The distributions of the average column amounts of the particulate sulfate in this region are shown, and the directive radiative forcing of the particulate sulfate on the temperature variation of the earth-atmosphere system is also discussed.