Axis Translation and Negative Water Column Techniques for Suction Control |
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Authors: | Sai K Vanapalli M V Nicotera Radhey S Sharma |
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Institution: | (1) Civil Engineering Department, University of Ottawa, A020, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5;(2) University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy;(3) Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA |
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Abstract: | Negative water column and axis translation techniques are conventionally used experimental techniques for obtaining data to
interpret the engineering behavior of unsaturated soils. The negative or the hanging water column technique is used as a suction
control method in the low suction range (i.e., 0–30 kPa). The axis translation technique is used in the suction range 0 to
500 kPa or higher. This technique is particularly useful for testing specimens with suction values greater than 100 kPa avoiding
problems associated with cavitation. While the axis-translation technique has been commonly used, the limitations associated
with this technique related to air diffusion, water volume change and evaporation are not discussed in greater detail in the
literature. This paper highlights some of the key aspects related to the negative water column and axis translation technique
that are of interest both to the researchers and practicing engineers. |
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Keywords: | Unsaturated soils Negative water column technique Single column technique Axis translation technique Suction measuring techniques Limitations |
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