基于卫星影像解析的碳酸盐岩地区地质构造研究——以江苏徐州大北望地区为例

本文通过区域地质背景分析与卫星影像解析,建立了岩性、地层、产状、褶皱和断层发育的影像判识模型,结合野外地质勘察校验与构造变形特征分析,对徐州大北望地区的地质构造进行了研究。研究表明:卫星影像解析对碳酸盐岩地区的岩性、产状和构造均具有很好的判识程度,利于快捷准确地开展地质调查工作,为野外地质工作研究提供了新思路。根据地形地貌、岩层露头、"V"字形法则、地层分布、褶皱和断层识别标志在卫星影像中的响应特征,建立了岩性、地层、产状、褶皱和断层发育的影像判识模型,并对大北望地区进行了构造识别和野外地质校验。大北望地区地质构造较为发育,NE向直立水平家后山背斜构造整体控制该区的地层分布和地形地貌特征,大型NE向纵向和斜交逆断层的发育造成局部地层缺失,NW向和NWW向斜向平移断层的发育造成了局部地层错移和山谷发育。

Research of Geological Structure in Carbonate Rock Areas Based on Satellite Imagery: An Example of the Dabeiwang Region,Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province

In terms of analysis of regional geological background and satellite images, an image recognition model of lithology, strata, occurrence, folds and faults was established. Combined with field geological investigations and verification of tectonic deformation characteristics, geological structure in the Dabeiwang region, Xuzhou was studied in detail. Research shows that the analysis of satellite images has a good recognition degree to the lithology, occurrence and structure of the carbonate area, which can help quick and accurate geological survey, and provides a new idea for field geological work. According to the landform, outcrop, "V" shape rule, the distribution of strata, response characteristics of fault and fold identification marks on the satellite images, this work established the models to recognize lithology, strata, occurrence, faults, and folds in the carbonate areas, which are verified in the Dabeiwang region. The results show well developed geological structures, and the stratigraphic distribution and topographic features are controlled by the NE-trending anticline. The large-scale longitudinally and obliquely crossing thrust faults caused the local lack of formations. The NW- and NWW striking syncline translate faults created dislocation of local formations and development of valleys.