民宿文化微空间的游客感知多维分异与地方认同研究——以上海地区为例

民宿区别于传统酒店的核心价值是其能够结合地域文化资源,满足游客功能性与文化消费两方面需求。当前民宿空间的文化生产未能得到充分体现,同质化已经严重影响到民宿产业的健康发展。选取携程网和Airbnb平台的网络文本为样本空间,通过词频分析对民宿微空间的游客多重感知进行探索和解构。基于游客地方认同的情感表达,采用多元回归分析识别民宿微空间游客文化感知的内容体系和层次结构,并对游客文化感知与地方认同的关系进行实证检验。结果表明：① 游客文化感知高度依赖区域经济发展水平,经济发达地区的文化供给更为充分,游客文化感知和地方认同也愈发明显。② 游客文化感知与地方认同紧密相关。民宿微空间的文化感知包括地域文化、景观建筑、主题氛围、宗教艺术、历史记忆、人物符号六个维度,各维度指标对游客地方认同具有显著影响。③ 游客文化感知维度划分与传导路径为民宿微空间的文化生产以及游客地方认同的正向强化提供了思路启示与实践路径。

Study on the multi-dimensional differentiation of tourists'cultural perception and local identity in homestay micro-space:Take Shanghai as an example

Cultural perception of tourists has an important influence on the formation of local identity during their travels. Homestay is a heterogeneous space with a variety of spiritual and cultural symbols. "Space is a necessary element for all production and all human activities". Space is not a pure material container. It is created in the material practice of social reproduction. At present, the research scale of cultural production space presents the development trend of macroscopic and microscopic polarization. In the direction of "micro-pole", the research value of "micro-space" has attracted increasing academic attention. The economic and cultural value of "micro-space" has been continuously verified in relatively independent space fields such as bars, bookstores and art studios. These results provide ideas for the local reconstruction of the micro-space of the homestay facility and theoretical inspiration for the academic construction of the development theory of the homestay facility. The core value of homestay, different from traditional accommodation, is that it can combine the local natural and cultural endowment to meet the functional and spiritual needs of tourists. At present, the cultural value of homestay is not fully reflected, and homogenization has seriously affected the healthy development of homestay industry. Network texts of Ctrip and Airbnb are selected as research samples to explore and deconstruct the multiple perceptions of tourists in the micro-space of homestay through word frequency analysis. Based on the emotional expression of tourists' local identity, regression analysis was used to identify the content system and hierarchy of tourists' cultural perception in the micro-space of homestay, and the relationship between tourists' cultural perception and local identity was empirically tested. The results show that: (1) The cultural perception of tourists is highly dependent on the regional economic development level, the cultural supply of economically developed areas is more sufficient, and the cultural perception and local identity of tourists are more obvious. (2) Cultural perception of tourists is closely related to local identity. The cultural perception of tourists in the micro-space of homestay includes six dimensions: regional culture, landscape architecture, theme atmosphere, religious art, historical memory, and character symbols. The indicators of each dimension have a significant impact on the local identity of tourists. (3) The dimensional division and transmission path of tourists' cultural perception provide inspiration and practical path for the cultural improvement of homestay facilities and the positive reinforcement of tourists' local identity.