基于多年ERA-I资料的獐子岛东南小海区风浪统计分析

为对黄海北部海域的风浪分布规律研究提供参考，文章利用2008-2017年的ERA-I再分析资料，对位于獐子岛东南小海区的风场和海浪场进行统计分析。研究结果表明：风力等级越高，风推浪预测准确率相对越低；对于4～8级风，风力等级与平均波高之间的关系接近线性，但二次拟合的效果更好，拟合优度达到0.984 2；受数据分辨率所限，持续大风条件下海浪成长至少需要６ h；6级风最多持续2天（48 h），波高最大接近3 m，7级风最多持续18 h，波高最大接近3.6 m，6～7级风最多持续66 h；6～8级风下大概率出现N-NW风向，风向出现频次由高到低依次为北风、南风、西风、东风；7级风在北风下的出现频次最高，不大于6级风时北风的对应波高比其他风向大0.5 m左右。

Statistical Analysis of Wind and Wave in the Small Sea Area Southeast of Zhangzi Island Based on Years of ERA-I Data

In order to provide reference for the study of wind wave distribution in the northern part of the Yellow Sea, the wind field and wave field in the southeast small sea area of Zhangzi Island were statistically analyzed based on the ERA-I reanalysis data from 2008 to 2017. The results showed that the higher the wind level was, the lower the wave prediction accuracy based wind was. For wind level from 4 to 8, the relationship between wind level and average wave height was close to linear, but the quadratic fitting effect was better, and the goodness of fit reached 0.984 2. Limited by the data resolution, the wave should grow for at least 6 h under the condition of sustained strong wind. The maximum duration of wind level 6 was 2 days (48 h), the corresponding max wave height was close to 3 m, the maximum duration of wind level 7 was 18 h, the corresponding max wave height was close to 3.6 m, and the maximum duration of wind level from 6 to 7 was 66 h. N-NW wind direction was most likely to appear under wind level from 6 to 8, under the 4 groups of wind directions, the north wind had the highest frequency of occurrence, followed by the south wind, the west wind and then the east wind. The frequency of occurrence of wind level 7 was the highest under the north wind direction, in the case of wind level 6 and less, the corresponding wave height under the north wind direction was about 0.5 m higher than that of other wind directions.