内蒙古生态承载力评价及生态安全格局优化

生态安全水平对区域发展的约束作用不断增强,构建科学合理的生态安全格局可以有效缓解经济发展与环境保护之间的矛盾.以内蒙古自治区为研究区,2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年为间断点,建立区域生态承载力评价指标体系,探讨生态承载力时空演变特征;甄别生态优势斑块,结合自然保护区等重要生态斑块组建生态源地,建立生态源...

Evaluation of ecological carrying capacity and optimization of ecological security pattern in Inner Mongolia

Currently, the actual effects of regional development have been increasingly restrained by the degree of ecological security. Therefore, building a scientific and reasonable ecological security pattern is of great importance to ease the tensions and struggles between economic development and environmental protection. This article aims to formulate the evaluating index system of ecological carrying capacity and subsequently, to examine the case of Inner Mongolia autonomous region in the years of 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. We argue that this evaluating index system is conducive to tracking the features of temporal and spatial evolution for ecological carrying capacity. Moreover, we are also committed to identifying ecological advantage patches, and ecological source areas based upon the nature reserves, building an evaluation index system of the expansion resistance, and finally generating minimum cumulative resistance surface. Overall speaking, this article on one hand was devoted to building a regionally-ecological security pattern grounded in land types of the “living-production-ecology”. On the other hand, we discerned the important corridors, built an ecological safety network, and formulated the ecological spatial planning. There are four major findings reported as follows. First, the ecological carrying capacity in Inner Mongolia has showed a fluctuant process which declined firstly and finally recovered during the research period. The spatial pattern has manifested as the feature of “low in the west and high in the east”, in which the obvious characteristics of period are unfolded. Second, through generating 17 ecological advantage patches and classifying the minimum cumulative resistance surface to further overlap with the land type of “living-production-ecology”, we have ultimately obtained 16 plots with the ecological security pattern. Third, we identified 17 first-class ecological corridors which supplement other established corridors. These results help give rise to the building of an ecological security network marked by the spatial pattern of “point-line-plane”. Last but not the least, grounded in these results, we put forward a state-of-the-art planning with the spatial imaginary of “one bay, two belts, three barriers, four districts and multi-centers”. We argue that this planning system will contribute to the sustainment of ecological carrying capacity in Inner Mongolia, where the regionally-ecological security pattern has been set as a high priority for development.