“文创+”历史街区空间生产的系统动力学机制——以珠海北山社区为例

在城市历史街区经济发展与空间演变的过程中,文化创意产业的进入为城市更新与历史街区的转型提供了新思路。研究使用定性系统动力学方法,通过质性数据构建因果循环图,对珠海北山社区的空间再生产过程进行分析,最终得到由5个正反馈回路与1个负反馈回路构成的空间生产动力机制,并得出以下结论：① 政府对城中村的规划改造与居民的空间让渡是北山空间再生产的开端;② 文化企业家的进入创造了新的空间主体与社会关系,对历史建筑空间进行了更新与再利用,打造了新兴文化创意空间;③ 游客的多元化旅游感知与媒体传播对北山进行了信息再生产;④ 空间主体的多元化构建了北山多重属性相互交融的空间,复杂并趋于稳定,各个利益主体在博弈与妥协中达到相对平衡。在回路分析的基础上,研究将“资本三重循环”理论与系统动力学模型相结合对北山社区的空间再生产机制进行了深入探讨。本研究为历史街区的发展转型机制提供具有系统预见性的新工具,并为新型城镇化建设的发展建设提供参考。

The system dynamics mechanism of space production in the"cultural creativity plus"historical district:A case study of Zhuhai Beishan Community

Under the wave of urbanization and modernization, the transformation in space has been a phenomenon of great concern to the academic community. In the process of economic development and spatial evolution of urban historic districts, the introduction of cultural and creative industries has provided a new way for urban renewal and spatial transformation. In addition, research confirmed the role of cultural and creative parks in urban economic development. Therefore, the Chinese government is holding an increasing positive attitude to cultural and creative industries, and local governments have issued corresponding policies to encourage the establishment of cultural and creative parks according to local conditions. The paper uses system dynamics mechanism to construct causal circulation diagrams and analyzes the spatial reproduction process of Beishan community in Zhuhai based on the qualitative material. Consequently, the paper reveals that the dynamics mechanism of Beishan’s spatial production consists of five positive feedback loops and one negative feedback loop. Based on this study, recommendations for historic district and the construction of new urbanization are provided. Results indicate that:(1) the government’s planning and renovation of backward urban villages and the transfer of residents’ space are the beginning of Beishan’s spatial reproduction;(2) the entry of cultural entrepreneurs has created new spatial subjects and social relations, renewed and reused the space of historical buildings, and created new cultural and creative space;(3) the diversified tourist perception and media dissemination have reproduced the image of Beishan;(4) the diversification of spatial subjects has built a space in which multiple attributes of Beishan are intermingled, complex and stable, and each interest subject has reached relative balance in the game with compromise. On the basis of loop analysis, the study combines the theory of"triple cycle of capital"and system dynamics model to explore the spatial reproduction mechanism of Beishan community. This study provides a new tool with system foresight for the development and transformation mechanism of the historical district,and provides reference for the development and construction of the new urbanization.