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A new extraction technique for in situ analyses of amino and carboxylic acids on Mars by gas chromatography mass spectrometry |
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| Authors: | A Buch DP Glavin R Sternberg C Szopa C Rodier R Navarro-Gonzlez F Raulin M Cabane PR Mahaffy |
| Institution: | aNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 699, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA bLaboratoire de chimie et Génie des Procédés, Ecole Centrale Paris, 92295 Chatenay-Malabry, France cLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, UMR 7583 CNRS, Université Paris 7–12, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France dService d’Aéronomie, SA/IPSL, 91371Verrrières-le-Buisson, France eLaboratoire de Synthèse et Réactivité des Substances Naturelles, UMR 6514, 86022 Poitiers, France fLaboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-543, México D.F. 04510, Mexico |
| Abstract: | In order to target key organic compounds in the Martian regolith using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we have developed a new extraction procedure coupled with chemical derivatization. This new technique was tested on a Mars analog soil sample collected from the Atacama Desert in Chile. We found that amino and carboxylic acids can be extracted from the Atacama soil in a 1:1 mixture of isopropanol and water after ultrasonic treatment for 30 min. The extracted organic compounds were then derivatized in a single-step reaction using N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) as the silylating agent in order to transform these compounds into volatile species that can then be detected by GC-MS. We are currently developing a miniaturized reaction cell suited for spaceflight, where both organic extraction and chemical derivatization processes can take place in a single step. |
| Keywords: | Derivatization Extraction solid–liquid GC-MS Amino acids Carboxylic acids Ultrasound Mars Isopropanol Water Atacama |
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