深圳市道路网络结构特征的成因及其景观格局效应

本文以我国典型快速城市化地区深圳市为例,综合使用GIS技术、道路网络结构特征分析、景观格局分析和相关分析方法研究其道路网络结构特征的成因及其景观生态效应。在确定了24个独立的空间研究单元的基础上,重点分析了深圳市道路网络结构特征的相关关系、城市化水平差异对道路网络结构特征的影响和道路格局特征的景观整体及重要组分的格局效应。结果表明:城市建设用地密度的增加导致交通用地密度、节点和廊道储量增加,道路网络结构复杂程度、格局指数降低;资源条件、环境和生态保护约束是导致道路网络复杂性增加、结构发育水平下降、网络格局指数不断降低的主要原因;深圳市的道路网络格局特征对全市景观整体格局没有表现显著的约束性影响,对建设用地显示出环境保护约束和空间吸引两个方面的综合效应,对于林地则表现出生态保护约束、空间排斥和物理分割三个方面的综合效应。

The principle of road network structures and its ecological effects on landscape in Shenzhen

As a typical city in China's fast urbanization,Shenzhen has been studied on the principle of road network structures and its landscape ecological effects in this paper.The integrated GIS technology,network structure analysis,landscape pattern analysis,and correlation analysis were used in the research.By dividing land of Shenzhen into 24 independent units,the paper discussed the correlations of each road network feature,effects of difference of urbanization level on road network structure features,as well as the landscape pattern effects of road network features at both land scale and class scale.The results indicated that with the increase of the density of urban construction land,the traffic density,the nodes and corridors of road networks increase,while the complexity of road network structure and the landscape pattern indexes decrease.The main restrictive factors are protection requirements of natural resources and eco-environment,which can result in an increase of road network complexity and decreases of development level of road structure network and network pattern indexes.No obvious constraint had been found in Shenzhen on road network features and landscape patterns on land scale.Road network features present two comprehensive effects,i.e.,environmental protection constraint and spatial attraction,on construction land distribution;while environmental protection constraint,spatial resistance and physical segregation are the three effects on woodland.