区域综合交通可达性评价——以安徽省为例

从安徽省省域、县域、省域内地区间的开放性、两种费用成本以及考虑区域社会经济因素的吸引机会六种角度评价安徽省城镇可达性,揭示了安徽省城镇不同指标下的可达性空间分异规律,并建立了一个综合可达性指数模型,进一步得到安徽省城镇的综合可达性空间格局。研究表明:安徽省城镇全域时间可达性格局大体是以合肥为中心向外沿伸展但并没有构成规则的同心圈层结构;局域时间可达性格局南北差异明显,南部和西南部可达性较差,北部较好;邻域分析中把城镇分为严重萎缩型、急剧扩张型、基本稳定型和上下浮动型四种;最短路径的费用成本空间分布上呈现内核为东北向月亮湾形的圈层;最小费用成本分析得到城镇可达性空间上有明显的铁路交通指向性;吸引机会指数则表明吸引机会高的城镇在空间上呈现人民币符号"￥"形;综合可达性指数略显城镇间南北对称,但在皖南山区不遵循此规律。最后,针对路网布局的一些弊端提出了相应的建议。

Assessment on accessibility of regional comprehensive transport:A case study of Anhui

The authors evaluate the provincial accessibility,county accessibility,opening accessibility between adjoining districts,two fare costs and probability of attraction based on social and economic factors of districts in Anhui Province,point out spatial accessibility structure of diversified indexes of towns in this province,and build a model of comprehensive accessibility indexes,and achieve spatial structure of comprehensive accessibility of the towns.We find that spatial pattern of the towns in Anhui is taking Hefei as the center and extending toward edge by and large,but the spatial pattern does not constitute regular concentric circles;county analysis reflects distinct differences between south towns and north towns.Accessibility of south and southwest towns is bad and good in the north towns,respectively;the towns are identified as severe shrinkage,sharp expansion,substantial stabilization and fluctuation in the opening analysis;spatial structure of fare cost based on the shortest line forms circularities centered embayment towards northeast;analysis of the least fare cost testifies spatial structure of accessibility of the towns following with extension of railway network;attractive indexes of probability indicate that the towns with high attractive indexes of probability present a shape of "￥";comprehensive accessibility indexes of the towns reveal symmetry between north and south in Anhui,but the pattern is broken by mountains of South Anhui.In the end,the researchers offer some proposals on some flaws of road network: promote new regional growth poles in north central Anhui for further strengthening their internal relations;accelerate the construction of high-grade highways in Huaibei plain,in particular strengthen lateral ties between the towns of North Jiangsu and South Henan provinces;extend connectivity of high grade roads in the northern and southern parts of Maanshan;improve the road facilities of the Wanjiang City Belt.