中国城市空间网络分析——基于电子信息企业生产网络视角

通过分析国内外城市网络研究的理论与方法,基于电子信息企业生产网络视角,对中国城市网络的空间特征进行了探索。研究发现:在中国制造业企业500强和世界500强中,电子信息企业总部集中于以北京、上海和深圳为核心的三大沿海都市圈,以及中西部地区的特大城市和省会城市,其研发机构与总部区位特征具有一定相似性,生产基地分布相对分散。由中国企业和跨国公司所主导的中国城市网络,可划分为地方化和全球化两种类型,均以东部及中西部特大城市为网络核心节点。地方化型城市网络的企业总部节点城市较为分散,网络密度和连接度较小;全球化型城市网络则以北京和上海为核心节点,对外联系程度相对较高。与传统城市等级体系相比,城市网络体系具有更强的包容性,从中可以发现崛起中的专业化城市。

China's urban network based on spatial organization of electronic information enterprises

Through analysis of theory and method on urban network,the paper reveals the characteristics of Chinese urban network based on spatial organization of electronic information enterprises.Results show that electronic information industries of top 500 enterprises of Chinese manufacturing industries and TNCs are concentrated in the coastal economic regions,including the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,as well as metropolises and capital cities of the central and western China.Meanwhile,the locations of their R & D institutions are similar to those of enterprise headquarters,but distribution of their production bases is relatively dispersed.In terms of production network of local enterprises and transnational corporations,Chinese urban networks are characterized by localization and globalization.The node cities of enterprise headquarters are more scattered in local urban networks,and have smaller density and connectivity of urban networks.In contrast,global urban networks,taking Beijing and Shanghai as the core nodes,have a higher degree of external links.At the same time,urban networks are more inclusive than urban hierarchy system in China.