论点-轴系统理论的科学内涵

从理论渊流看，点－轴系统理论以中心地学说等为理论基础，但两者的内涵和应用目标又是不同的。点（城市等）、线（交通等线状基础设施）、面（农业等腹地资源）构成区域三要素。区域发展理论都围绕着区域三要素而展开，由于侧重点的不同而形成相应的空间结构模型。以点为核心所形成的是以中心地学说为代表的古典区位论，以点、线为核心所形成的是点－轴系统理论；点－轴系统理论与中心地理论一起，构成为有关区域发展的两大基本理论。在中心地学说中，虽然加进了交通因素而构建了K＝4的空间结构模式，但其中的交通因素依然属于外生为量。只有在点－轴系统理论中，点、线才都是内生变量，是构建空间结构模型的不可或缺的两大要素。点与线的有机结合，尤其是对线的特别关注，构成了点－轴系统理论的基本特色。重大的理论创新赋予点－轴系统理论以巨大的应用价值。点－轴系统理论是中国人文地理学界贡献给社会的一个具有较大影响的理论成果。以此为契机，通过空间结构研究的不断深化，应当能够构建起具有中国特色的空间学派来。

The Scientific Connotation of Pole-axis Theory

From the trace to the source of the theory, the pole axis theory is based on the theory of the central place. However, the relationship between the two theories is not so easy. The point (such as cities), lines (the basic establishment of line formation such as traffic) and the surface (such as agricultural hinterland resources) form the three factors of the region. The regional developmental theory spreads according to these three theories and form the corresponding spatial structural model because of the different emphases. We can conclude that the core of the point forms the classic location theory that represent as the theory of central place; the core of the point and line forms the pole axis theory and the pole axis theory and the theory of central place form the two basic theories of the regional development. In the theory of central place, although we add up to the traffic factor so that construct the spatial structural model of k=4, the traffic factor is still ectogenic variable. Only in the pole axis theory, do the point and the line become the endogenetic variable and they form the two indispensable factors of constructing spatial structure. It is not difficult to see that the organic combination of the point and the line forms the basic character of the pole axis theory especially concentration to the line. Therefore, the theoretical innovation such as the regional accessibility and the spatial diffused mode forms the scientific basis of fording the pole axis theory. The grand theoretical innovation endows the pole-axis theory with much practical values. The pole axis theory is an important theoretical fruit in Chinese humane geography and the depth and the scope of its application are as perfect as the fruit of the agricultural regional layout. And then, we believe that we can build the spatial school of Chinese character through the research of spatial structure deeply.