Hydrothermal vent meiobenthos associated with mytilid mussel aggregations from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the East Pacific Rise |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;2. Biology Department, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA;3. Department of Theoretical Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;1. Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB), CSIC, c/Accés a la Cala St. Francesc, 14, E-17300 Blanes (Girona), Catalunya, Spain;2. Maritime Engineering Laboratory (LIM/UPC), Jordi Girona 3-4, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain;3. Geociències Marines, Departament d’Estratigrafia, Paleontologia i Geociències Marines, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;4. Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas (IIM), CSIC, E-36208 Vigo, Spain;5. Marine Biology, University Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;6. Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain;1. IFREMER Centre Bretagne, Laboratoire Environnement Profond, BP70, 20280 Plouzané, France;2. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France;1. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14-901, Wellington, New Zealand;2. University of Southern Denmark, Nordic Centre for Earth Evolution, Odense M-5230, Denmark;3. Aarhus University, Arctic Research Center, Aarhus C-8000, Denmark;4. Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK;5. Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk 3900, Greenland;6. Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstr 1, d-28359, Bremen 28359, Germany;7. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Institute of Biogeosciences, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan;1. Centre d′Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), c/ Accés a la Cala St. Francesc, 14, E-17300 Blanes, Spain;2. Marine Biology Department, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S8, B-90000 Ghent, Belgium;3. Marine Invertebrate Phylogenetics Lab Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8750 Biological Grade, Hubbs Hall, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;4. Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, PL1 3DH, Plymouth, United Kingdom;5. Institut de Ciènces del Mar (ICM-CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell''Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;2. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn di Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell''Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, 09126 Cagliari, Italy;1. Università Politecnica delle Marche, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell''Ambiente, 60131 Ancona, Italy;2. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Deep-sea hydrothermal vents occur along the mid-ocean ridges and back-arc basins around the globe. There are very few community analyses of vent meiobenthos. The central objectives of this study were to identify and quantify for the first time the entire metazoan meiobenthic community associated with mussel aggregations of Bathymodiolus thermophilus Kenk and Wilson, 1985 from the EPR, 11°N and of Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis Cosel et al., 1994 from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), 23°N. Using a quantitative sampling method, abundance, biomass, sex ratio, species richness, diversity, evenness, and trophic structure were studied based on three samples from each site. Meiobenthic abundance in each sample was unexpectedly low, but similar between sites. The community was composed of nematodes, copepods, ostracods, and mites, with a total of 24 species at EPR vents, and 15 species at MAR vents. While most copepod species were vent endemics within the family Dirivultidae, nematodes and harpacticoid copepods belonged to generalist genera, which occur at a variety of habitats and are not restricted to hydrothermal vents or the deep sea. The meiobenthos of hydrothermal-vent mussel beds constitutes a unique community unlike those of other sulfidic habitats, including the thiobios of shallow-water sediments and the meiobenthos of deep-sea, cold-seep sediments. The trophic structure was dominated by primary consumers, mainly deposit feeders, followed by parasites. Predatory meiofaunal species were absent. |
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