江苏省沿海区域水环境容量计算研究

在江苏省沿海开发战略发展的背景下,研究海洋水体环境容量是实施海洋污染物总量控制和合理利用海洋资源的基础和前提。以江苏省沿海区域(包括连云港、盐城、南通在内的沿海三市)作为研究对象,根据人海排污口排污方式的不同,将沿海排污区域划分为沿岸区域和离岸区域两部分,分别建立了2种区域的水环境容量计算方法。结合近岸海域二维水动力水质模型和污染物通量计算模型对三市的沿海区域水环境容量、人海河流污染物通量分别进行了测算。在此基础上测算得到2007年沿海三市污染排放贡献率,并通过污染排放贡献率计算得到沿海三市最大允许人海量。结果表明,江苏省沿海区域COD的水环境容量为1 249 231 t/a,其中沿岸海域水环境容量为968 921 t/a,离岸海域水环境容量为280 310 t/a,沿海三市的COD排放贡献率为44%;江苏省沿海区域氨氮的水环境容量为73 658 t/a,其中沿岸海域水环境容量为47 728t/a,离岸海域水环境容量为25 930 t/a,沿海三市的氨氮排放贡献率为65%。该研究成果可为江苏省沿海区域开发中的环境保护提供技术支撑。

Study on the environmental capacity of coastal areas in Jiangsu Province

Along with the development of the coastal areas in Jiangsu Province, research on environmental capacity in coastal areas is the basic and premise of marine pollutant control and rational exploitation of marine resources. Three coastal cities including Lian Yungang, Yan Cheng and Nan Tong in Jiangsu Province were taken for example. According to the way of sewage discharge, the coastal areas were classified into two categories: inshore areas and offshore areas, establishing two different models of environmental capacity. Based on the two-dimensional non-steady state simulation of hydrodynamic and water quality, total quantity of pollution from coastal cities and the environmental capacity of coastal areas were calculated. Using pollutant attribution rate, the total largest emission quantity of three cities was calculated. The results showed that the environmental capacity of COD of coastal areas in Jiangsu Province was computed to be 1249231t/a, where the environmental capacity of inshore areas 968921t/a, the environmental capacity of offshore areas 280310t/a, and the city contribution rate of COD was 44%. The environmental capacity of ammonia of coastal areas in Jiangsu Province was 73658t/a, where the environmental capacity of inshore areas 47728t/a, the environmental capacity of offshore areas 25930t/a, and the city contribution rate of ammonia was 65%.