生物多样性模型的理论分析

本文首先概括了50年代以来公开发表的27个生物多样性模型和有关专家对其中大多数模型的批评。在此基础上,以使用最广泛的Shannon模型为例,剖析了大多数生物多样性模型不能被成功应用于实践研究的根源所在;以基于分维几何学的物种多样性模型为例,从理论上分析了这种综合生物多样性模型的完备性。并以位于中国东北样带(NECT)东部的温带针阔叶混交林地区的8个样地作为案例,对比分析了Shannon模型大样本要求的局限性和基于分维几何学的综合生物多样性模型的实用性。

A Theoretical Analysis on Models for Biological Diversity

This paper summarizes 27 models published since 1949 for biological diversity, and criticisms of most of the models from many specialists. The causes why most of the models could not be successfully applied in practice are analyzed, taking the Shannon model as an example, and the theoretical complete ness and availability of the comprehensive models are proved, taking the model based on fractal geometry as an example. According to the case studies of 8 sampled areas in the zone of temperate mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests of the Northeast China Transect (NECT), limitations of Shannon model because of its requirement for a large number of samples and the applicability of the comprehensive model based on fractal dimension are compared and discussed.