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Zooplankton metabolism and carbon demand at two seamounts in the NE Atlantic
Institution:1. Universität Hamburg, Institut für Hydrobiologie und Fischereiwissenschaft, Groβe Elbstraβe 133, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany;2. Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GP, UK;1. Laboratório de Geologia e Geofísica Marinha e Monitoramento Ambiental-GGEMMA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geodinâmica e Geofísica, Departamento de Geologia, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Caixa-postal: 1596, Natal, RN, Brazil, CEP 59072-970;2. Zoological Institute and Zoological Museum, Biocentre Grindel, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;3. German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg Research Institute, c/o Biozentrum Grindel, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;1. Department of Geosciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA;2. Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA;3. Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George''s, GE01, Bermuda
Abstract:Zooplankton metabolic rates, determined from electron transfer system (ETS) activity, were studied at two seamounts (Seine: 34°N, 14°W, summit depth ~170 m; Sedlo: 40°N, 27°W, summit depth ~750 m) in the northeast (NE) Atlantic during three cruises in November 2003, April 2004 and July 2004. ETS activity and respiratory carbon demand were measured for samples taken at seamount and open-ocean locations in order to probe the hypothesis of locally enhanced seamount productivity. ETS activity and biomass revealed no consistent diel patterns of feeding activity and vertical migration at Seine and Sedlo Seamounts. Spatial differences of biomass-specific ETS activity were observed at both seamounts and coincided with differences in food abundance and quality. At Seine Seamount in April 2004, biomass-specific ETS activity was on average higher at the seamount locations compared to the open ocean, though the enhancement was of a lower magnitude than spatial and temporal variability and had no apparent influence on zooplankton respiratory carbon demand or biomass. A persistent pattern of reduced zooplankton biomass above the summit location at Seine Seamount in April 2004 and July 2004 resulted in a local reduction of respiratory carbon demand. At Sedlo Seamount in November 2003, large spatial differences in biomass-specific ETS activity observed at the seamount locations resulted in a large range of respiratory carbon demand at the seamount, but were not reflected in zooplankton biomass. The depth-integrated (0–150 m) median respiratory carbon demand of the zooplankton community estimated from day and night hauls was 2.1 mg C m?2 d?1 at Seine Seamount (range: 0.3–6.3) and 2.9 mg C m?2 d?1 at Sedlo Seamount (range: 1.6–12.0). The sporadic nature and low magnitude of locally higher zooplankton respiration rates at the seamounts, which did not result in locally higher zooplankton standing stock biomass, lead us to reject the hypothesis that locally enhanced seamount productivity provides an autochthonous food supply to the resident faunas at Seine and Sedlo Seamounts. Instead, we conclude that the faunas at both seamounts are more likely supported by advection of food from the surrounding ocean.
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