南极中山站重力潮汐观测的海潮负荷效应

综合分析了LaCoste-Romberg(LCR)ET21高精度弹簧重力仪1998年12月26日至2000年1月9日在南极中山站的重力潮汐观测资料，采用目前普遍使用的Schwiderski、Csr3.0和Fes96.2全球海潮模型研究中山站重力潮汐观测的海潮负荷改正问题。结果表明在南极地区，目前的海潮模型存在较大的不确定性，还不足以精密确定该区域的海潮负荷改正。经海潮改正后，重力潮汐观测结果与潮汐理论值之间还存在比较大的差异，观测的周日（01）和半日（M2）潮波重力振幅因子与相应的理论值之间的平均偏差分别为3．8％和7．8％。南极地区附近海域海水的变化半导致该地区海潮负荷响应非常明显的季节性系统变化。

Loading Effects of the Ocean Tides on the Tidal Gravity Observations at Zhongshan Station in the Antarctic

The tidal gravity observations, recorded with a high precision LaCoste Romberg (LCR) gravimeter ET21 from December 26, 1998 to January 9, 2000 at Zhongshan station in the Antarctic, are comprehensively analyzed. Several commonly adopted global ocean co tidal models, such as Schwiderski, Csr3.0 and Fes96.2, are employed to investigate the loading correction of ocean tides to the tidal gravity observations at Zhongshan station. The final results indicate that all the present ocean co tidal models are too uncertain to determine accurately the oceanic correction in the Antarctic region. After oceanic correction, there still exists very large discrepancy between the tidal gravity observations and the corresponding theoretical values of Earth's tides. The average discrepancy between the observed and the corresponding theoretical amplitude factors of the tidal gravity is about 3.8% in the diurnal tidal band, and about 7.8% in the semi diurnal band. Seasonal variation of the huge sea ice, which covers over the sea nearby the Antarctic continent, may be responsible for the obviously seasonal variation of the oceanic loading response in this area.