南极冰盖表面冰流速研究综述

冰川表面流速作为南极冰盖物质平衡估算的一项重要内容,对于研究全球变暖背景下的海平面上升具有重要意义。随着技术的进步,南极的冰流速监测方法已经从传统的花杆测量、光学仪器边角测量,发展到先进的GPS测量和遥感观测。南极冰盖冰流速总体特征是:海岸带冰流速快于内陆冰流速,冰架冰流速快于陆地冰流速,西南极冰流速快于东南极冰流速。未来加强对数据稀疏地区的冰流速监测,扩大冰流速研究的时间尺度,开发冰流速研究的新方法以及构建冰流速波动与气候变化相互关系模型等,成为南极冰流速研究的新热点。

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON ICE VELOCITY OF ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET

The ice flow velocity of glaciers is important for estimating the Antarctic ice sheet mass balance, and it is of great significance for studies into rising sea level under the background of global warming. Traditional methods of monitoring Antarctic ice flow velocity, such as stake measurements and edge measurements based on optical instruments, have been replaced by GPS and remote sensing measurements. Thus, it has been established that the general characteristics of Antarctic ice flow velocity are that ice flow velocity in coastal zones is faster than inland, the ice flow velocity of the ice shelf is faster than that on the continent, and the ice flow velocity in western Antarctica is faster than in the east. Therefore, it is predicted that with increased monitoring of ice velocity over longer periods in data sparse regions, and the development of new approaches to the study of ice velocity, models of the interrelation between ice velocity and global climate change shall become a new hot topic of research.