榆神矿区煤矿防治水的几点思考

针对榆神府矿区不同井田矿井涌水量差异大的问题，基于所收集区内大量的钻探、抽水试验等资料，从风化剥蚀作用、烧变作用、天窗、砂岩微观孔隙结构等入手，分析了延安组含水层富水性的影响因素。结合导水裂隙带发育高度，探讨了延安组含水层富水性对矿井涌水量的影响。结果表明：风化剥蚀作用使延安组砂岩裂隙发育、破碎严重，增强其渗透性和连通性，随着基岩风化率的增加，富水性增强；烧变作用使延安组砂岩裂隙、孔洞显著增加，随着烧变岩厚度增加，富水性增强；天窗为延安组含水层与其他含水层之间提供了水力联系通道。采煤形成的导水裂隙带导通了延安组风化段和烧变段，使矿井涌水量较大。区域上各影响因素的叠加会导致延安组含水层富水性增强，局部呈现强富水−极强富水性，导水裂隙带导通后矿井涌水量较大，威胁煤矿安全生产。进一步探讨了各涌水量较大井田延安组富水性对矿井涌水量的影响，为榆神府矿区井田安全开采和顶板水害防治提供参考。

Thoughts on mine water control and treatment in Yushen mining area

Aiming at the large difference of water yield of different mine fields in Yushenfu mining area, based on a large amount of drilling, pumping test data collected in the area, from the weathering and denudation, burning effect, discontinuous distribution regions of aquifuges, microscopic pore structure, the influencing factors of water yield property of Yan’an Formation aquifer(YFA) are analyzed. Combined with the height of the water-conducting fissure zones, the influence of water yield property of YFA on water yield of mines is discussed. The results show that weathering and denudation cause the sandstone of Yan’an Formation to develop fissures and be broken seriously, enhance its permeability and connectivity. With the increase of weathering ratio, water yield property of YFA increases. The fissures and holes of sandstones in Yan’an Formation are significantly increased due to burning effect, and the water yield property is enhanced with the increase of the thickness of burnt rocks. Discontinuous distribution regions of aquifuges provide a hydraulic connection channel between the YFA and other aquifers. The water-conducting fissure zone formed by coal mining connects the weathered bedrock section and the burnt bedrock section of Yan’an Formation, resulting in a large amount of water yield of mines. The superposition of various factors in the region will lead to the enhancement of water yield property in the YFA, and the local area presents strong water yield property ~ extremely strong water yield property. After the water-conducting fissure zone is conducted, the water yield of mines will be large, threatening safety of coal mines. The influence of water yield property of Yan'an Formation on the large water yield of mines was further discussed. All these can provide the reference for safe mining and water hazard prevention of coal roofs in the Yushenfu Mining area.