利用反射地震和多波束资料研究南海西北部麻坑的结构特征与成因

海底碳封存是解决全球温室效应，提高碳汇的重要手段. 然而，海底碳封存会存在碳泄漏的风险，因此有必要对碳储层结构和海底碳泄漏进行监测. 其中，一种有效的监测手段是海底地震仪（OBS）多波多分量地震探测. 本文介绍了使用OBS探测技术对储层结构和海底地壳内流体的探测实例：主要包括二维、三维台阵OBS试验，使用的方法为走时反演、各向异性分析以及微地震方法. 使用OBS进行多波多分量地震探测有范围广、深度大、信噪比高、大偏移距的优点. 然而，目前二维和三维OBS探测建立的碳储层和碳泄漏模型分辨率还有待提高，可以通过使用密集台阵的方式来提高观测精度，或布设更优化的台阵来获得最佳分辨率. 随着碳中和目标的不断临近，各国碳封存的需求迫在眉睫. 因此，尽快发展OBS海底碳泄漏监测技术，保证碳封存方案的实施是尤为必要的.

Structural characteristics and genesis of pockmarks in the northwest of the South China Sea derived from reflective seismic and multibeam data

Marine carbon geological storage is an important strategy to slow the global warming. However, Marine carbon geological storage may pose a risk of carbon leakage, so it is necessary to monitor the carbon storage structure and seafloor carbon leakage. One of the effective monitoring means is ocean bottom seismometers （OBS） multi-wave component seismic detection. This paper presents an example of reservoir structures and fluids within the seafloor crust using OBS detection technology. The content mainly includes two-dimensional and three-dimensional array OBS experiments, and the methods include traveltime inversion, anisotropy analysis and microseismic methods. OBS multi-component seismic detection has the advantages of wide range, large depth, high signal-to-noise ratio, and large offset. However, there is still room to improve the resolution of reservoir and leakage models established by 2D and 3D OBS inspections. The observation accuracy can be improved by using a dense array, or a more reasonable array method can be used to obtain the best resolution. As the goal of carbon neutrality draws nearer, the need for carbon sequestration in countries is imminent. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop OBS seabed carbon leakage monitoring technology as soon as possible to ensure the implementation of carbon sequestration programs.