地面岩溶塌陷的高分辨地震勘查

地面岩溶塌陷是地质灾害主要灾种,由于其突发性,对人类的生产和生活造成威胁。浅层高分辨地震技术可以查明形成塌陷的基岩地质条件,特别是横波反射法可以查明覆盖层中地下水作用形成的潜蚀带或土洞等覆盖层地质条件。勘查洞穴是岩溶塌陷地震勘查方法面临的特殊问题,为了解土洞、溶洞形成的地震反射信号特征,专门进行二维固体超声波模型试验。唐山市岩溶塌陷勘查实例表明,高分辨地震技术可探明基岩埋深、断层、破碎带及覆盖层潜蚀扰动区,为防冶工程设计提供地质背景资料。

HIGH RESOLUTION SEISMIC EXPLORATION OF SURFACE KARST COLLAPSE

Surface karst collapse is one of the major geologic hazards. Its sudden occurrence threats the production and life of mankind.The shallow high resolution seismic technique may be used to find out bedrock geologic conditions that cause the collapse. The transverse ware reflection method, in particular, may help to reveal overburden geological conditions such as suffosion zones and land caves formed by underground water. The exploration of caves is a special problem with which the karst collapse seismic exploration is encountered. Eor the purpose of understanding signal characteristics of seismic reflection formed by land caves and karst caves, a special two-dimensional solid supersonic model test waa conducted. An example of karst collapse exploration in Tangshan City shows that the high resolution seismic technique may be employed to find out depths of bedrocks, faults, shatter zones and overburden suffosion disturbed areas, thus providing data of geological setting for the designing of prevention engineering.